Conceptual Study On Ethnic Marketing Marketing Essay Essays

Conceptual Study On Ethnic Marketing Marketing Essay Essays Conceptual Study On Ethnic Marketing Marketing Essay Essay Conceptual Study On Ethnic Marketing Marketing Essay Essay With mounting western influence and focal point on resurgence of traditional Indian manner elements, diverseness in India sees many faces. To keep the self-respect of the civilization and to supply a platform to little Indian trade names, future group initiated ethnocentrism construct by opening ethnicity shop in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. This enterprise has provided new format penetrations to organized retail merchants to spread out their skylines in extremely volatile Indian consumer oriented market. A new format has ever been a challenge to any retail merchant to prolong into the market. In the altering face of market, to recover penchant of consumers towards nationalized trade names, can be looked from a facing angle. This created an anxiousness in the head of research workers and inspired them to undergo the research to understand the ethnicity construct. Ethnicity format is studied based on the first ethnicity shop set up in the metropolis of Ahmedabad, Gujarat and glances are taken from the 2nd and 3rd shop set up in Mumbai and Pune. Research is secondary in nature. This paper gives penetrations into the overall set up of ethnicity format that includes distinguishing criterias of ethnicity in comparing to regular retail formats. Paper gives penetrations into artistic set up of ethnicity shop alongwith in-depth reappraisal of ware. Further, consumers sentiment on ethnicity shop has besides been covered and their discriminatory class for purchase has been derived It has been found that consumers have given a really good response to the new construct. Alongwith shopping, experiences of consumers with the format hold given a permanent impact on their mentality. Further Raja market, Rani market, Thoda aur market are found attractive to consumers and have gained good penchant of consumers followed by Sona-chandi market Chota India and Ghar aangan market. The penetrations into construct development and suggested potency extended formats of ethnicity may readily work as a pillar to stand into the market for new retail merchants. Cardinal words: Ethnicity, Ethnocentrism, Organized Retail, Nationalized trade names, Merchandise 1.1Introduction: Indian manner industry is traveling towards Westernization due to high degree of credence of foreign trade names by the consumers. Due to this altering face, western trade names are acquiring a wider platform than the cultural trade names across the state. As a consequence, national/ethnic merchandises are even overlooked by consumers and clip may come that such merchandises may vanish from the market. To protect the Indian heritage, Future group took up inaugural enterprise to supply a infinite to Indian merchandises and trade names under its ain name and celebrity Future Group, India s taking concern house with strong presence in retail sector, launched a new retail format, household life style shop Ethnicity, in Ahmadabad to market cultural trade names and merchandises of India in 2008. This concatenation is a major household format developed after the launch of extremely successful household formats like Pantaloons, Big Bazaar, and Home Town. The new shop format that has been billed as everything Indian, seeksA to advance cultural trade names, runing from cultural and merger wear, Jewellery, handcraft, place decor, beauty merchandises to accoutrements and gifts. Ethnicity therefore, A showcasesA a big figure of little Indian trade names under one roof. Ethnicity besides advancing the civilization of cultural merchandises, supply a modern platform to augment the presence of the retail merchants into the industry. 1.2Research aims: To understand the construct of ethnicity as a new retail format To understand distinguishing factors of ethnicity shop in comparing to the modern retail shops. To understand the consumers penchant towards the new format 1.3Scope of the survey: The survey has explored the construct of ethnicity. In includes apprehension of the subject and construct development, ware development and distinction standards of format in comparing to bing formats. Further to understand credence of the new format, consumers preference towards the offerings has besides been analyzed 1.4 Data Collection Beginnings: Secondary informations beginnings have been used to understand the construct the ethnicity. Information has been taken from cusp provided by ethnicity shop of Ahmedabad, and Company website to acquire penetrations into ethnicity shop of Pune and Mumbai. Articles kept on the web sites are besides used at the launch of ethnicity. Primary information has been collected through questionnaire to cognize consumers cite towards the new format. Respondents were the consumers of Ahmedabad who visited ethnicity shop. Sample of 100 respondents was administered out of which 94 responses are analysed as valid samples for the survey. 1.5 Introduction: Ethnicity Cultural beginning has been defined as a group of people who portion a common descent, a sense of corporate individuality and normally a shared cultural heritage and tradition ( Crysdale and Bettie, 1973 ) . Ethnicity implies common imposts, values, and attitudes within a group of people who are bound by a common cultural designation. Because values reflect a criterion or standard that people use in the counsel of behaviour, they act as a norm for cultural consumer behaviour and an influence on many ingestion motivations. Cultural selling Cultural selling is an of import facet of lifestyle selling, a scheme that tailors a company s merchandises and services towards the client s life styles. * Positions showing rationale towards cultural selling Mr. Arvind Singhal, president of direction consulting and retail specializer house Technopak Advisors ( 2010-11 ) said, Overall dress class spends are lifting, with particular focal point on cultural wear trade names, where many new trade names have emerged as market heroes. They sensed the vacuity in the market, easiness of entry, and attracted adult females the most interesting mark consumer, which places the Indian cultural wear market at Rs. 56,800 crore, turning at 9 % yearly .A Mr. Gaurav Mahajan, CEO, Westside, a Tata group company said, Indian cultural wear is an built-in portion of our client promise. We widened the Westside scope and introduced Zuba, which offers silks and reliable handlooms. This fall will see the launch of two more trade names, Mr. Rakesh Biyani, joint pull offing manager, Future Group said, There is a important rise in demand for adult females s cultural vesture. There is a large spread between the chance and what is being delivered today by organized participants, This spread designation generated a lead to cover the untapped cultural market and future group took up the initiave to set up ethnicity shop as a revolution in the bing apprel format 1.4 Concept development of Ethnicity Store by future Group Shop design Future Group has launched the first of a concatenation of shops aimed at retailing Indian wear in 2008 in Ahmedabad metropolis. It is the branded Ethnicitystore that keeps the a scope of cultural and merger wear, jewellery, handcrafts, place decor, beauty merchandises and accoutrements and gifts. All the merchandises are India inspired.The shop is holding a spread over an country of 25,000 to 30,000 sq. foot. Store nonsubjective The dress labeled as traditional and indoor vesture a decennary ago, has laid the foundation for today s modern-day Indian cultural chic.Ethnicity proudly follows the Indian values of being sensitive to Ahmedabad metropolis, environment and community. It provides a platform to convey together traditional or cultural retail merchants to the consumers. It recreates the know-how of a traditional cultural market in a modern retail format and is an collector of the multi-faceted cultural ware and traditional merchandising patterns. It revives and rejuvenates anything and everything that is Indian. It aims to truly unfastened out the urban cultural market and redefine the graduated table of cultural selling. ** Ethnic-Theme placement at the shop The construct Ethnicity is non limited to cultural vesture but it is an experience. The cardinal discriminator for Ethnicity lies in its 360-degree shopping experience. Ethnicity s shop design reflects a clearly cultural character ocular selling tools include artefacts, pictures and decor pieces from Rajasthan, Orissa, Gujarat and the similar. Ocular selling is like the outline of a narrative book . Ethnicity has gone the desi manner to go attractive and communicative. It is critical to non merely be a differentiated retail merchant but besides to pull out the true kernel of the merchandises. Branding in ethnicwear has been led by part of beginning of the merchandise like Benaresi saris, Lucknowi kurta, Kutch Bandhini. The shop is colorfully designed and the garishness gives it an atmosphere of luxury and celebration. *** Atmospheric at shop Atmospheric at ethnicity shop is a contemplation of Indian heritage. Alternatively of halogen visible radiations, everyplace visible radiation is reflected by lanterns. Alternatively of room freshener or aromas, a natural fragrant of indispensable oil from flowers known as ittar is used to magnetize the entrant and convey them to the Indian civilization. All the racks for show of ware are developed from wooden and outside ornament is of handcraft, which gives a contemplation of Indian art. Alternatively of holding all the racks or shelves for show, few of the ware is displayed on fingerstall. Shop helpers are dressed in cultural kurtas For refreshments, Coconut H2O is served in a lorry which gives a spirit of typical Indian civilization, on the route helping. Use of multi colourss, art and fancy designs, air aroma and traditional lightings give all clip festival feeling experience. Merchandise at ethnicity shop All the offerings are divided into a niche name of market. Chosen name for the market is based on arterial linguistic communication of India. With the subject of ethnocentrism, the aggregation represents merely Indian trade names in all the ware. Analysis of ware: The shop has six subdivisions. Generic class name Cultural name at ethnicity shop Women s wear class Rani market-everything ethnic for adult females Work forces wear class Raja market-everything ethnic for work forces Kid s wear class Chota India market Jewellery/ accoutrements Sona -chandi market- cultural Jewelry Home accoutrements Ghar -aangan- cultural thoughts for your place Stationary/medical points Thoda aur- cultural accoutrements and more Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.indiaretailing.com/organising-ethnic-retail.asp Analysis of Merchandise into the market and few of the Indian trade names RANI MARKET Everything cultural for adult females Merchandises Saris Bridal wear Salwar kamiz Interior designer wear Fusion wear Party wear Dupattas Mojaris A ; Chappals Embroidered bags Mix n fit Dress stuff E.g.Few Indian Brands kept in ethnicity shop Span Ritu kumar Hara Prafful Description of RANI Market Huge aggregation comprises extravagantly embellished salwarkameez, Anarkali kurtas, to a great extent decked traditional saris and blouses studded with rocks Sequined fabric bags, embroidered cultural potlis in assorted colourss and manners, brilliantly colored jholas and nomadic phone pouches becomes attractive complementary merchandises purchase Specially designed embroidered jootis fiting with salwar kamiz are available Particular class of mix n lucifer provides a immense scope of kurtas, interior decorator shalwars and interior decorator dupattas. It gives an chance to choose each one individually and develop a shalwar, kamiz, dupatta set on your ain RAJA MARKET everything ethnic for work forces Merchandise/Products Sherwani Churidar sets Pathani sets Jodhpuri Party suits Party shirts Casual kurtas Accessories Mojaris A ; chappals E.g.Few Indian Brands kept in ethnicity shop Manish Watercolor Manyavar Description of RAJA Market Raja market is interestingly designed with wooden pillars Raja market starts with rows of Kutch and Jaipuri kurtas for work forces. Designer kurtas are available in pastel colourss with a touch of glister. They have a fabulous aggregation of expansive looking sherwanis with intricate detailing Ceremonial suits, shirts and bloomerss for work forces are besides included in the aggregation The Mojaris and Chappals have a scope of beaded, sequined and embroidered jootis, chappals and kolhapuris designed in a assortment of colourss to travel with your traditional outfit CHOTA INDIA-everything ethnic for childs Merchandises Cultural wear Party wear Accessories E.g.Few Indian Brands kept in ethnicity shop Mycraft Exclusive Description of CHOTA INDIA Market Designer wears for childs holds attending of purchasers Use of bright colourss with manus work is a particular aggregation for childs alternatively of the usage of sketchs characters SONA CHANDI cultural Jewelry Merchandises Costume Jewellery Manner Jewelry Semi cherished jewellary E.g.Few Indian Brands kept in ethnicity shop Standard Merely cool Description of SONA CHANDI Market There is an impressive aggregation of earrings, rings and necklaces in traditional every bit good as modern-day designs These are available in gold, diamond and Ag. kundan sets are available that reflects tradition of India Sharing infinite with these are glass, metal and rock studded bracelets. Stuning stone studded rings and bobbysocks complete the scope. A little aggregation of debris jewellery and interior decorator bindis are included. A GHAR AANGAN cultural thoughts for your place Bed and linen Home decor Gift points Playthings Pooja ka saaman, Shaadi ka saaman Handicraft, Ceramicss E.g.Few Indian Brands kept in ethnicity shop Hansiba Bandhan Description of GHAR AANGAN Market Puja Ka samaan where puja thalis, different statuettes of assorted divinities, incense sticks, earthen lamps and cotton wicks are available. It has a alone aggregation of wall hangings, name home bases and redstem storksbills made of wood. Designer and decorated home base for nuptials is available known as shaadi qi thali with the usage of specific stuff used during nuptials rites Handicraft points for place decor like fancy toran, show pieces are available THODA AUR cultural accoutrements and more Merchandises Books and cadmiums Stationary Aromas Maroma-Aromatherapy, Ayurveda A ; natural merchandises Candles A ; incense E.g.Few Indian Brands kept in ethnicity shop Maroma Khadi Description of GHAR AANGAN Market Amazing paper bags, booklets, notebooks and notepads wrapped in silk fabric are displayed Photograph albums are made available in Ag and aureate colored fabric The Wellness subdivision has assorted sorts of ayurvedic beauty merchandises Hanging lamp is another subdivision inside which all kinds of lamps, Antique oil and glass lamps are available in really beautiful colourss and designed in a posh manner. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.indiaretailing.com/organising-ethnic-retail.asp hypertext transfer protocol: //ahmedabad.metromela.com/Lamps+and+ethnic+wear+at+Ethnicity/article/3183 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pantaloonretail.in/pdf/ethnicity_karigari.pdf Leaflet circulated at ethnicity shop Competitive analysis of organized regular retail format and ethnicity format Parameter Organized retail mercantile establishment Ethnicity shop Subject A move towards western civilization A move towards Indian bequest Aim To give exposure to western civilization kineticss To give platform to Indian trade names and entreaty to ethnocentrism Size of the mercantile establishment Large Relatively little Structure Vertical departmentation Horizontal departmentation Handiness of trade names Global trade names Merely Indian trade names Atmospheric Exclusive halogen visible radiations lantern /yellow visible radiations Decoration No extra ornament Fully decorated with colourss, lamps, handcraft, marionettes etc. -looks like all clip festival Music Western vocals Indian instrumental Aroma Room fresheners Raw fragrant of indispensable oil from flowers known as ittar Shelfs Racks Alongwith racks Traditional small town themed fingerstalls with four legs Merchandise division Merchandises are separate Apparel gets displayed in one subdivision, accessories other subdivision, footwear another subdivision and so on Gender wise merchandise bundling Raja market includes dress, accoutrements, footwear turn toing male consumers Merchandise name English names Traditional Indian names Store helper s dressing Western formal wear Traditional Indian kurta Boxing Plastic printed bags Paper bags with traditional expression Merchandise Western outfits and indowestern designs in Indian outfits Indian traditional outfits with embellishment work Places Mojaris and chappals Indo-western picture Handicraft Cosmetic merchandises Natural ayurvedic merchandises and aromatherapy Aromas Incense stick, ittar, natural aromas Light pendant Candles and Lantern Artificial jewelry Stone work, Kundan jewelry Refreshments Food tribunal with multi culinary art Small push cart/lorry with coconut H2O Deliverable Shoping Experience Pictorial position of ethnicity shop Ethnicity shop image creative activity Picture 029 Beginning: Cusp provided at ethnicity Entry gate of ethnicity shop Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.indiaretailing.com/glimpse/ethnicity/1.jpg Example of Divisions Rani market Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.indiaretailing.com/organising-ethnic-retail.asp Interior and show at ethnicity shop hypertext transfer protocol: //www.indiaretailing.com/RetailConcept_details.aspx? Id=58 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.indiaretailing.com/glimpse/ethnicity/7.jpg 1.6.1Consumers penchant towards the market based ware at ethnicity shop with average rank ( where 1 is least and 5 is maximal ) Consumers penchant towards the cultural subject markets is analyzed to cognize the preferable market. This analysis is aimed at developing the market to increase the penchant A 0 1 2 3 4 5 Raja Market A A A A 4.255A Rani Market A A A 4.0255A A Chota India A A 2.8055A A A Sona Chandi A A A 3.2055A A Ghar Aangan A 2.052055A A A A Thoda aur 4.15.00 Consumers are extremely satisfied with Raja Market offerings followed by Rani market and thoda aur market. New debuts in thoda aur market like lamps, taper and aromas, ayurvedic merchandises etc have grabbed attending of people which gives a lead to present more alone and Indian traditional points. Sona Chandi market has got a good response. Thus it can be interpreted that manner accoutrements in cultural expression is maintaining melody with the cultural garments. As per consumers sentiment, Chota India is yet to derive penchant may be because of traditional designs that are non preferred more for childs in comparing to western attractive outfits with sketch characters Again as per consumers sentiment, Ghar aangan is besides yet to derive penchant may be because of bed sheets, utensils, playthings, purchase for rites like puja Ka saaman etc. have an already established market. 1.6.2 Conusmers penchant towards cultural merchandises for three most preferable Markets Preference has been anaysed towards offerings for Females as Rani Market Fusion wear and Mix A ; Match are able to pull consumers as a new and alone base of cultural merchandises. As Saari, salwaar kamiz have become a common purchase and many plaforms are available to turn to the demand, penchant is found at the moderate degree Preference has been anaysed towards offerings for Females as Rani Market In work forces s wear traditional wear in the signifier of Jodhpuri, Chudidar and kurtas alongwith traditional mojaris have attracted consumers to larger extent Preference has been analyzed towards offerings for Thoda Aur Market Full scope of Aromas and Candles A ; Incense have been introduced by ethnicity shop. It has got excess ordinary penchant of consumers. Thus it has contributed towards care of Indian bequest 1.6.2 Consumers penchant towards Aromatherapy Aromatherapy is the usage of aromatic works oils, including indispensable oils, for psychological and physical well-being. Aromatherapists blend curative indispensable oils particularly for each person and suggest methods of usage such as topical application, massage, inspiration or H2O submergence to excite the coveted responses. Aroma therapy oils may include Peppermint Digestive upsets Rosemary Muscular strivings, mental stimulation Sandalwood Depression, anxiousness and nervous tenseness Sweet orange Depression and anxiousness Tea tree Respiratory jobs, antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral Lavender Headaches, insomnia, Burnss, achings and hurting Ethnicity shop has provided the platform for Aromatherapy. Full scope of indispensable oils has been displayed to bring forth the consciousness and penchant towards the same. It is aimed at bring forthing consciousness towards ayurvedic medical specialty in the sphere of allopath for better and unafraid intervention. Ethnicity has taken maiden inaugural to derive the penchant of consumers. It can be interpreted from the above graph that first manus response has been satisfactory with 49 % for Aromatherapy and therefore it enjoys the possible to increase the penchant in future. The atmospheric of traditional merchandises is back uping the purchase of traditional manner of wellness addendums. The advice and account given alongwith the merchandise has played of import function in doing realisation to travel for natural merchandises 1.6.3Analysis of consumers satisfaction towards ethnicity shop: Consumers understanding of the format have been done based on their psychological distinction from the traditional format and a degree of satisfaction towards the offerings. Such analysis is aimed at placing the most appealing distinction for future placement of the shop and developing the schemes that may take to future satisfaction Competitive appraisal matrix with average rank ( Where 1 is least and 5 is maximal ) Regular organized retail formats and ethnicity shop A 0 1 2 3 4 5 Subject A A A A 4.05 4.95A Monetary value A 2.30A 2.60A A A Assortment A A 3.25.00A 4.00A A Display A A A 3.94.00A 4.35.00A Experience A A A 4.0094.00A 5.0094.00A Keies: Regular organized retail mercantile establishments Ethnicity shop Competitive appraisal matrix depicts that ethnicity subject is extremely appealing to the people. The distinction point of giving experience to the consumers than merely to supply a platform for shopping is acquiring right placement in the head set of consumers as it is applauded by consumers with the average rank of 4.95. Unique show of ethnicity is extremely appreciated by consumers in comparing to regular organized retail formats On the dimension of assortment ethnicity is dawdling behind in comparing, the lending ground may be limited figure of Indian trade names into each class Equally far as pricing is concerned none of the mercantile establishments satisfied the consumers outlook. It brings out the fact that monetary value construction is excessively high. Here chance lies with ethnicity shop to know apart pricing scheme to acquire competitory border over other formats. It might be executable to redevelop the pricing scheme due to nationalized trade names 1.10 Major findings: Ethnicity is so a radical move towards consumers ethnocentrism. National participants have besides joined custodies with the large retail merchant and accepted the chance to turn to the mass market. Thus has contributed to a great extent in supplying a wider platform to little retail merchant of India. Further is has contributed towards bring forthing consciousness of cultural merchandises and trade names of allover India which were non noticed and importance was non realized by consumers It is an perfectly alone theoretical account into organized retail formats. Everything get downing from statics to aggregation of trade names, ware show and packaging is unambiguously positioned with the nationalized subject. It provides a feel-good factor and thrilling experience to the consumers. Consumers are acquiring attracted by the subject and acquiring exposed and penetrated by cultural merchandises. Today consumers look for stylish apparels. National trade names which were non recognized before, have provided a platform of manner to research Fusion wear, Mix A ; Match, Jodhpuri, Kurtas, Chudidars, Mojaris and aromas, tapers and incense are able to acquire penchant of people Aroma therapy is able to acquire good welcome signifier the consumers Cultural designs are acquiring credence in the signifier of freshness Cultural work forces s wear, adult females s wear, natural beauty merchandises, handcrafts are the classs of the merchandises good accepted by the consumers. In all this advanced construct good applauded by consumers as they are acquiring exposed to all the assortment and designs of merchandises of all the corners of India under one roof 1.11 Suggestions: More Indian retail merchants should be motivated to supply immense aggregation of cultural merchandises Potential revolutions into bing format of ethnicity for India Formats can be expanded by presenting fortes of major states/cities of India Rajasthan market Art A ; trade Jamnagar market-Bandhani Bengaluru -Silk garments Chennai- Pearl jewelry Kerala market-Spices Formats can be expanded by presenting forte nutrient of major states/cities of India it may assist to give a back displacement to the consumer tendency which is traveling towards western nutrient Gujarati nutrient Punjabi nutrient South Indian nutrient Rajasthani nutrient North Indian nutrient Kathiyawadi nutrient Potential revolutions into bing format of ethnicity for other states It has been witnessed that states are acquiring specialized into technological inventions but spread of such inventions into the same continent reflects questionable behaviour of consumers. Many a times it is because of deficiency of consciousness. Such type of format may supply a common platform to research the little advanced merchandises at consumer terminal E.g. European states Manner Ethnicity European states As manner industry is one of the major turning industries in Europe- All manner statements can be displayed under one platform Fashion statement of Italy Fashion statement of France Fashion statement of United land Technology ethnicity Technical Research A ; invention driven states All inventions can be displayed under one platform Large to little advanced merchandises of Finland Large to little advanced merchandises of Germany IT A ; Renewable engineering based merchandises from Sweden Electric engineering inventions of Netherland E.g. Asiatic Countries Technology ethnicity Robotic engineering based advanced little to large merchandises from South koria A ; Japan There is a demand to increase the scope of aroma therapy offerings to increase the consciousness and ingestion. Aromas, tapers and incense offerings have brought Indian values in the penchants. This has showcased a really good concern potency as a whole. There is a demand to supply more and more offerings into the section with more and more assortments

Essay Texting and its Influence on Your Studying Capabilities

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Event ads and sales promotion for viejas - Essay Example Some of the stores were not up to the mark for such a store and didn’t match up to the decor of the place 3. There wasn’t as much value for money in the outlet However, people did seem to enjoy all the activities at the outlet such as bowling, the casino, the video game section and so on. They also seemed to really appreciate the customer service at the outlet. So, all hope isn’t lost for Viejas Outlet. (yelp.com) Since the quality of products from the various stores in the outlet is really not something that the outlet can control, it makes more sense for the outlet to concentrate on flocking people to their stores by building up on their strength: the entertainment, and then giving people incentive to purchase from their stores. Once people have a good time and get incentive to purchase, they will. Following is a promotion strategy that will bring people to the store and help improve sales. A promotion strategy is the communication strategy of an agency defined , along with the tools that are to be used to spread the word. (Obringer) The Ultimate Gaming Champion This is a contest in which consumers will be invited to the outlet and can register to participate and be crowned the â€Å"Ultimate Gaming Champion†. ... The event will be spread out over a time period of 8 to 12 weeks. All people who enter any of the entertainment zones such as the arcade, the casino, the ice rink, etc. will be given a booklet when they purchase their ticket. Then, at the end of their play, their points will be entered into their booklet and they may take it home. The next time they play, their points will be added again and so on. Whoever manages to collect the most points in each activity at the end of the time frame, will be given coupons worth $500 to shop at the outlet and the person who collects the most points in total will be declared the grand prize winner: The Ultimate Gaming Champion and could win $2500 worth of vouchers to shop at the Viejas. There can also be weekly prizes worth $100 for the top scorer of the week. Benefit of the activity: This activity will have many benefits if executed. First, it will get the attention of the consumer. Second, it will ensure customer return, repeatedly, if they are ho oked to the game. Next, it will attract a crowd for some of the games and catch their interest. When this event is promoted, it will create a buzz for the Viejas Outlet and even if it just for the sake of the games, people will flock to the stores. Sales Promotion ideas for the event: Just randomly conducting the event for The Ultimate Gaming Champion on its own won’t do. It is essential to promote this event among all so that there is a response. While is it true that not everyone can be reached, it is essential to at least spread some awareness so people may show some interest in the event. Some sales promotion ideas that can be used are: (Allen) 1. A teaser campaign: To create come buzz about the event, there can be small

Sure Thing Insurance Essay Example for Free

Sure Thing Insurance Essay Name: Yashasvi ram v.s Case Study The root problem in this case is that the company here has the decentralized autonomy of the business units, but there is a lack of coordination between operating groups. To compensate this, Al was appointed as CIO to coordinate different I/T approaches of the business units and to advise the executive committee on the strategic aspect of I/T. But another problem here apart from the lack of coordination is that Al had line of responsibility for I/T in his previous job but in the current job he is given any authority over I/T and is accountable for any changes in there. Also, his advices on the strategic aspects were rarely sought and were never followed. He is struggling to take decisions regarding staffing, budget and he is wondering how other senior staff is able to manage. The first solution would do nothing/maintain the status quo, if nothing is done in this scenario, it would result in the downfall of the company because; there would be no proper coordination between I/T and if the advice given by Al on strategic aspects are effective but are not followed then that would result in huge loss to that unit. The minimum solution would be to follow some of the advices given by Al to the personal lines division that corporate policy demands a package to be used instead of writing premium system in COBOL. A CEO should consider this decision on the business grounds and find out the pros and cons of implementing some of these decisions and to later implement them. The ideal solution would be to give authority of I/T and the right amount of funding for Al to implement his ideas. As he already has a good experience previously in this field, his ideas of funding, strategic agendas should be followed with some consideration. Also, he should be given a chance to interact with other senior supervisors to know how they are managing the funds, their staff and so on. The long lasting solution would be, CEO considers the experience and also a skill set of their senior staff so that they can be assigned to the exact positions. This makes them work effectively and would contribute to the positive growth of the company. I would recommend the long lasting solution because, the main failure of the company here is not to identify their employees potential in the particular field and also implementing some of the functionalities (using COBOL) without any research on that. If these problems are rectified then coordination of all the business units can be  done effectively and this minimizes failure risk of Surething Insurance company. Things that can be done to prevent future failures: 1. Rapid expansion. 2. Under-reserving. 3. Unforeseen claims. 4. Under-Pricing. 5. Gross Incompetence. 6. Expansion into new areas.

macbeth: symbolism :: essays research papers

In every Shakespearean tragedy there is always something called the â€Å"fatal flaw†. This flaw is seen in the main character or hero of the play. The hero always has the ability to overcome or control this flaw, however, if he can not control this flaw he reaches a point of doom. A point in the story where he has no choice but to continue downward through the spire of entropy. This leads to the tragedy. His or her end. The flaw is usually a master passion. This passion controls the hero’s thoughts and actions, and, if unable to control this passion it will lead to his doom. In Shakespeares â€Å"Macbeth†, Macbeth is an anti hero. He is very ambitious and courageous. However, he is also a moral coward, this is Macbeths fatal flaw, which in the end leads to his doom. Shakespeare defines Macbeth as a hero very clearly. His valor in defense of Scotland is significant in the opening scene. However, he is very ambitious to be king. At the beginning of the play, he was loyal to the king. While he did imagine the murder his mind rejects it and said, "Why, if chance will have me king, why, chance may crown me," (1.3.12-13). Yet his ambition increasingly defeated his good nature. In the play, everyone seems to want power. Usually, men are the ones who are outward and aggressive about it, and women are more subdued about it. Lady Macbeth has a great deal of power over Macbeth the power which she holds over him, is the fact that she possesses more of the "manly" quality than Macbeth himself. Because of this, Macbeth is ashamed of himself. Macbeth constantly tries to disprove Lady Macbeths doubt of his manhood. "When you durst do it, then you were a man, And, to be more than what you were, you would, Be so much more the man." (1.7.22). As you can see in this quote, Lady Macbeth has her doubts. However, the three witches control the most power, or the â€Å"ultimate† power in the play. "All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, thane of Glamis! All hail, Macbeth! hail to thee, thane of Cawdor! All hail, Macbeth! that shalt be king hereafter." (1.3.8-9). If they had not informed Macbeth about this, Lady Macbeth would never of found out about it and would not has expected Macbeth to murder the king, ultimately leading to Macbeths doom.

History of Tourism Essay

Introduction Tourism is seen as one of the main industries in the world. â€Å"The World Travel and Tourism Council (2001) indicated that tourism creates more than ten percent of the global economic output and 1 in 10 jobs worldwide†. â€Å"Tourism starts with the wealthy, with images of prestigious visits to seaside resorts and spas, Grand Tours and the activities of business enterprisers such as Thomas Cook† (Towner, 1995). This paper describes the history and structure of the travel and tourism industry, the influence of local and national governments and international agencies, local and national economic policy, the effects of supply and demand on the travel and tourism industry and the positive and negative impacts of tourism. History Based on my perception, I would categorize the history of travel & tourism industry in three different time bands as follows: * Before 1945 * 1945-1979 * 1980 to current day Before 1945 In ancient times and approximately till the end of the 16th century people were living in agricultural communities was stationary, seldom moving from the local area and rural community. â€Å"Even with the beginning of the industrial revolution, which was making a slow start in the 18th century in urban and factory development, a richer ‘elite’ class alone enjoyed leisure and travel, while the workers worked in situ. Indeed as industrialization got under way leisure time or holidays where they existed tended to decrease† (Lickorish, Jenkins, 1997) Prior to the 1950s, tourism was an industry which was inconsistent; hotels, transport operators, tour operators, travel agents, all tended to work separately. Hotels were mainly in the business to sell bed nights. Railways and airlines were in the business to sell seats, Travel agents, were selling travel and holidays however in each case they tended to work very much independently. Up until 1946, i.e. the period between the world wars, much of international travel  was for the privileged, wealthy and elite groups in society. â€Å"Thomas Cook introduced the first package tour in 1841, but in fact by that time the railways (The first passenger railway (Liverpool and Manchester) opened in 1830) themselves were offering excursion trips, for a traffic which they had not originally expected to carry. The first objective had been carriage of freight, and secondly the provision of faster transport for the current stagecoach travelers at far from cheap prices. The popularity of cheap excursion fares for special events was not expected† (Lickorish, Jenkins, 1997) 1945-1979 If we look at the year 1945 as the year in which the development of the main growth in the tourism industry started, we can construct some general explanation concerning to the changes which one can differentiate in the tourism industry. From the mid-1950s onwards, mainly in the UK, the development of tour operators started changing the character of the industry from individual business activities to more integrated activities. â€Å"Hotels, for example, were beginning to see customers as wanting a range of services rather than simply buying accommodation. So hotels began to develop shopping arcades and later to offer secretarial centers in order to increase the spend of guests within the hotel complex. Transport operators, particularly in the airline business, saw the sale of transport services as being integral to a much wider need. Airlines offered insurance and accommodation booking for travelers† (Lickorish, Jenkins, 1997) From 1950 onwards a combination of factors, such as increase in free time availability, increase in paid holidays, improvement of package tours, and growth in air transport – all combined to offer a wider possible holiday-taking market. This market was different regarding socioeconomic groups from the pre-1950 era. 1980 to current day By the 1980s several airlines were offering full travel services such as arrangements for holidays, medical services, hiring car, etc. By 1990 the formation of the tourism industry, especially in the United Kingdom and  Europe, was effected by the development of a number of very big companies. â€Å"In the USA, American anti-trust laws discouraged, if not prohibited, the development of large integrated companies†. The experience of American in operational tour has been very different from Europe, mainly compared with the United Kingdom (Lickorish, Jenkins, 1997). Air travel improved even more rapidly. Nevertheless, this is only piece of the story, as nonscheduled traffic (charter services) increased considerably as well. â€Å"Making up an estimated 18 per cent of total movement by the 1980s and 50 per cent or more on European routes, where the charter traffic took over the greater part of the holiday movement, as tour operators developed their own services† (Lickorish, Jenkins, 1997) Future The tourism business is likely to make important help to global economic development in the twenty first century. The cultural trade and understanding that is brought about through tourism is causing a more peaceful and internationalized universal society. Besides contributing to the expansion and renovation of local economies and communities, tourism development is playing an important role in both enhancing education and improving the position of the tourism business aimed at nurturing the next generation of those ready to take on the tourism business. The Structure of Travel & Tourism Industry This is the Leiper’s model: There are 5 key elements of a tourism system 1. Departing Travelers 2. Traveler Generating Region 3. Transit Route Region 4. Tourist Destination Region 5. Returning Travelers The first is the tourist (the human component), the next 3 components are geographical and organizational and relate to transport, tourist activities and the tourism industry which offers services, goods and facilities for tourists. The last is self explanatory. And the environment: Economic, Technological, Physical, Political, Socio-cultural, legal, etc. There are  some contemporary influences: 1. Changing actions and motivations of markets 2. Changing patterns of tourist flows 3. Require for planned tourism expansion 4. Force for sustainable tourism expansion 5. Concern for social, cultural and economic impacts of tourism The influence of local and national governments and international agencies The position of government is an essential and multipart side of travel and tourism industry, involving policies. State involvement in the trade is a fairly recent practice for central government. In general the state recognizes that the duties of the public sector must cover such matters as health, safety, fair trading and consumer interests and infrastructure in transport such as roads, railways and ports. These are all matters of direct concern to the resident population. There is a mixed record in the provision of leisure facilities, environmental protection and conservation which includes responsibility for the unique cultural heritage, an important part of Europe’s visitor attractions (Lickorish, Jenkins, 1997). The state tourism agency, tourist board or government department will have an important role to play in advising on the strategy, offering opportunities to consult and cooperate with a dispersed private sector, and preparing a destination marketing strategy based on an identification of the appropriate markets and their needs and wishes (Lickorish, Jenkins, 1997). Based on periodic surveys of the government role by the WTO, the OECD and individual countries, the principal functions of a Ministry of Tourism or of agencies under government control can be summarized as: 1. Research, statistics and planning. 2. Marketing. 3. Development of tourism resources. 4. Regulation, including trade regulation. 5. Training and education. 6. Facilitation/liberalization. Local governments At the local level the regional or local authority has a role similar to that of the central government and in many ways a more comprehensive and important one. Indeed, in the early days of mass travel stimulated by the growth of the railway network, public sector intervention in tourism was solely at the local level. There were no national tourism organizations. The growth of large resorts, pioneered in Britain at the main seaside canters, encouraged the development of local tourism administrations to carry out the responsibilities of the host destination (Lickorish, Jenkins, 1997). International organizations There are a number of international bodies, both governmental and nongovernmental, with tourism interests. Government bodies reflect the national government’s interest in, and political will regarding, tourism intervention. In the industrialized countries, the tourism priority tends to be low. Because of the wide range of tourism activity the number of organizations with some concern or responsibility is great, but coordination and often cooperation as at the national level is weak. Furthermore, consultation with industry and operating sectors is often inadequate, as the sector’s voice is weak. The main sector industry bodies inevitably present the case of their own trade, sometimes as in modes of transport in a competitive situation. Thus the collective tourism approach is hard to organize and sustain, even when cooperation at the operating level is effective (Lickorish, Jenkins, 1997). United Nations World Tourism Organization The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO/OMT) is a specialized agency of the United ?Nations and the leading international organization in the field of tourism. It serves as a ?global forum for tourism policy issues and a practical source of tourism know-how (UNWTO 2007:1).? The World Tourism Organization plays a role in promoting the development of responsible, ?sustainable and universally accessible tourism, paying particular attention to the ?interests of developing countries?. The Organization encourages the implementation ?of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism, with a view to ensuring that member ?countries, tourist destinations and businesses  maximize the positive economic, ?social and cultural effects of tourism and fully reap its benefits, while minimizing its ?negative social and environmental impacts (www.wikipedia.org). The WTO has made efforts recently to strengthen its links with commercial and non-government partners through its system of affiliate membership which should help in the provision of practical guidance and as a basis for cooperative action (Lickorish, Jenkins, 1997). Impact of political change on the travel and tourism industry Tourism growth in many countries has not been this high, in particular those countries were faced with a range of political unstableness that have made happen to hold back development in tourism. The political aspects of tourism are interwoven with its economic consequencestourism is not only a â€Å"continuation of politics† but an integral part of the world’s political economy. In short, tourism is, or can be, a tool used not only for economic but for political means† (Edgell, 1990). IRAN Tourism in Iran before the accession of the theocracy was characterized by a significant numbers of visitors traveling to Iran for its diverse attractions, boasting cultural splendors and a diverse and beautiful landscape suitable for a range of activities. Tourism declined dramatically during the Iran-Iraq War in the 1980s but has subsequently revived. Since the Iranian revolution in 1979, the majority of visitors to Iran have been religious pilgrims and businesspeople. Official figures do not distinguish between those traveling to Iran for business and those coming for pleasure, and they also include a large number of Diaspora Iranians returning to visit their families in Iran or making pilgrimages to holy Shia sites near Mashhad and elsewhere. Despite the international tensions, the government continues to project strong rises in visitor numbers and tourism revenue over the forecast period, and to talk of projects to build an additional 100 hotels, for example, to expand its currently limited stock. In the early 2000s the industry still faced serious limitations in infrastructure, communications, regulatory norms, and personnel training. In  late 2003 there were about 640 hotels in Iran and around 63,000 beds. Officials state that Iran has in recent years earned about US$1bn a year from tourism. Iran currently ranks 68th in tourism revenues worldwide. Iran with attractive natural and historical sites is rated among the 10 most touristic countries in the world. Close to 1.8% of national employment is generated in the tourism sector which is slated to increase to 10% in the next five years. Weak advertising, unstable regional conditions, a poor public image in some parts of the world, and absence of efficient planning schemes in the tourism sector have all hindered the growth of (www.wikipedia.org). CHINA After Mao’s death, one of the most senior officials who had advocated private plots in the early 1960s, Deng Xiaoping, initiated gradual market reforms that abolished the communes and collectivized industries of Mao, replacing them with the free-market system. Deng’s reforms vastly improved the standard of living of the Chinese people, the competitiveness of the Chinese economy, and caused China to become one of the fastest growing and most important economies in the world. It also led to one of the most rapid industrializations in world history. For this achievement he is sometimes known as â€Å"The Venerated Deng†. As a result of Deng’s reforms, China is widely regarded as a returning superpower. Tourism in China has greatly expanded over the last few decades. The emergence of a newly rich middle class and an easing of restrictions on movement by the Chinese authorities are both fueling this travel boom. China has become one of the world’s most-w atched and hottest outbound tourist markets. The world is on the cusp of a sustained Chinese outbound tourism boom. China is the world’s fourth largest country for inbound tourism. The number of overseas tourists was 55 million in 2007. Foreign exchange income was 41.9 billion U.S. dollars, the world’s fifth largest in 2007. The number of domestic tourists totaled 1.61 billion, with a total income of 777.1 billion yuan. According to the WTO, in 2020, China will become the largest tourist country and the fourth largest for overseas travel. In terms of total outbound travel spending, China is currently ranked fifth and is expected to be the fastest growing in the world from 2006 to 2015, jumping into the number two slot for total travel  spending by 2015 (www.wikipedia.org). The effects of supply and demand on the travel and tourism industry Most studies modeling the demand for tourism have either used visitor arrivals or tourism earnings as a dependent variable (Narayan, 2002). Tourism demand is base on which all tourism related business decisions eventually rest. Companies and governments as a point incase, tour operators, hotels, airlines, and leisure facility providers are interested in the demand for their products by tourists. The accomplishment of many businesses depends completely on the status of tourism demand, and final management collapse is pretty often because of the collapse to meet market demand. Influencing Factors As we all experience the change around us the questions arises how these developments will have an impact on tourism demand. To name just a few categories: * Economy (e.g. from BIP over exchange rates to perceived risk of loosing the job) * Politics (e.g. the enlargement of the EU, taxation, environment) * Crisis and threats (e.g. terrorism, epidemic diseases, earth quakes) * Demographic Change (e.g. age structure, migration, educational level) * Technology (e.g. transport, communication, information) In addition we have to take into account the influences coming from general changes in consumer attitudes and, finally, the tourism industry itself, of course influencing the demand side of tourism (e.g. standardization of products, information channels, (over) capacities and price strategies). All these factors are linked to each other (Lohmann 2004). How can these factors have an impact? Holiday demand is driven by needs, motives, and expectations, its realization depends on the individual economic situation and the freedom to travel. Thus: * External factors may have an impact on tourism demand by affecting the ability to travel (freedom, time, money, fitness) and the motivation to do so. * Consumer Behavior is not a reaction on a single factor but on the whole set of influencing external factors. In addition it is driven by internal factors (e.g. motives, abilities etc.). Thus, the impact of a  change in a single external factor is limited Most of the external factors seem to be in favor for a sound development of tourism demand in Europe in the years to come. However, there are no signs for a general boom (Lohmann 2004). Supply While many tourism studies are focused on the demand side of tourism that is, the tourist, the supply side of the industry is often overlooked. Supply is seen as being modeled by five independent components: attractions, transportation, services, information and promotion. Most important component is the tourism attraction (Gunn, C. A. 1997). The supply of recreation and tourism is a complex combination of natural amenities, recreational sites, access, and private sector business activity which is influenced by an array of factors that act to provide opportunities that satisfy leisure-based travel demands. Measures of recreational site density that account for both physical/geographic size and population, or social capacity are used as key explanatory variables in models of tourism dependence (Marcouiller, Prey, 2004). The Positive and Negative Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism The range impacts of Tourism include economic, socio-cultural and environmental impacts. Impacts could be negative and positive, but should never be undervalued. The conception of sustainability is factored into these tourism impacts, when the size of the impacts turns out to be large enough to intensely change socio-cultural, environmental and economic areas of a tourist destination. Socially tourism has a great influence on the host societies. Tourism can be both a source of international amity, peace and understanding and a destroyer and corrupter of indigenous cultures, a source of ecological destruction, an assault of people’s privacy, dignity, and authenticity. Here are possible positive effects of tourism: * Developing positive attitudes towards each other * Learning about each other’s culture and customs * Reducing negative perceptions and stereotypes * Developing friendships * Developing pride, appreciation, understanding, respect, and tolerance for each other’s culture * Increasing self-esteem of hosts and tourists * Psychological satisfaction with interaction So, social contacts between tourists and local people may result in mutual appreciation, understanding, tolerance, awareness, learning, family bonding respect, and liking. Residents are educated about the outside world without leaving their homes, while their visitors significantly learn about a distinctive culture. Local communities are benefited through contribution by tourism to the improvement of the social infrastructure like schools, libraries, health care institutions, internet cafes, and so on. Besides, if local culture is the base for attracting tourists to the region, it helps to preserve the local traditions and handicrafts which maybe were on the link of the extinction. For example in Uzbekistan, particularly in such famous regions as Samarqand, Buhara, and Horezm tourists contribute significantly to the preservation of traditional handcrafting wood carving, hammered copper work, handmade silk and carpets, and of course to preservation and maintenance of architectural and historical monuments. Since Uzbekistan proclaimed its independence in 1991 many museums and monuments were renovated or opened to promote the national culture and traditions. Growing interest in this culture makes the local people proud of their way of life. On the other side tourism can increase tension, hostility, and suspicion. Claims of tourism as a vital force for peace are exaggerated. Indeed there is little evidence that tourism is drawing the world together (Robinson 1999). In this context economic and social impacts on the local community depend on how much of the incomes generated by tourists go to the host communities. In most all-inclusive package tours more than 80% of travelers’ fees go to the airlines, hotels and other international companies, not to local businessmen and workers. On the other hand large hotel chain restaurants often import food to satisfy foreign visitors and rarely employ local staff for senior management positions, preventing local farmers and workers from reaping the benefit of their presence. Tourism has the power to affect cultural change. Successful development of a resource can lead to numerous negative impacts. Among these are overdevelopment, assimilation, conflict, and artificial  reconstruction. While presenting a culture to tourists may help preserve the culture, it can also dilute or even destroy it. The point is to promote tourism in the region so that it would both give incomes and create respect for the local tradition and culture. There are also both negative and positive impacts of tourism on the local ecology. Tourism often grows into mass-tourism. It leads to the over consumption, pollution, and lack of resources. However, from the ecological point of view tourism is often more acceptable and preferable than any other industrial production, as it is environmentally friendlier (Batir Mirbabayev, Malika Shagazatova, 2007). Conclusion Tourism is widely believed to be the most rapidly growing industry in both developing and developed countries, consider tourism as one means for creating new jobs and reducing unemployment in different regions (Balali, 2009). The history of tourism is one of lumpy expansion, periods of massive growth interrupted by periods of recessions and stagnation (Lickorish, Jenkins, 1997). International travel and tourism is the backbone of globalization and enriches the world in many ways: It promotes economic growth, increases trade, advances development, and creates higher disposable incomes. It also strengthens communities, and, by bringing together people from diverse regions and backgrounds, advances the goals of peace and global understanding. These benefits hold true for developing, emerging, and industrialized countries, and they provide a major platform on which other industries can build (Gross, 2007).

Application of Statistical Concepts in the Determination

Experiment 1: APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL CONCEPTS IN THE DETERMINATION OF WEIGHT VARIATION IN SAMPLES LEE, Hyun Sik Chem 26. 1 WFV/WFQR1 ————————————————- Nov. 23, 2012 A skillful researcher aims to end his study with a precise and accurate result. Precision refers to the closeness of the values when some quantity is measured several times; while accuracy refers to the closeness of the values to the true value. The tool he utilizes to prevent errors in precision and accuracy is called statistics.In order to become familiar to this tactic, the experiment aims to help the researchers become used to the concepts of statistical analysis by accurately measuring the weights of ten (10) Philippine 25-centavo coins using the analytical balance, via the â€Å"weighing by difference† method. Then, the obtained data divided into two groups and are manipulated to give statistica l significance, by performing the Dixon’s Q-test, and solving for the mean, standard deviation, relative standard deviation, range, relative range, and confidence limit—all at 95% confidence level.Finally, the results are analyzed between the two data sets in order to determine the reliability and use of each statistical function. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This simple experiment only involved the weighing of ten 25-centavo coins that are circulating at the time of the experiment. In order to practice calculating for and validating accuracy and precision of the results, the coins were chosen randomly and without any restrictions. This would give a random set of data which would be useful, as a statistical data is best given in a case with multiple random samples.Following the directions in the Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Manual, the coins were placed on a watch glass, using forceps to ensure stability. Each was weighed according to the â€Å"weighing by differenceâ₠¬  method. The weighing by difference method is used when a series of samples of similar size are weighed altogether, and is recommended when the sample needed should be protected from unnecessary atmosphere exposure, such as in the case of hygroscopic materials. Also, it is used to minimize the chance of having a systematic error, which is a constant error applied to the true weight of the object by some problems with the weighing equipment.The technique is performed with a container with the sample, in this experiment a watch glass with the coins, and a tared balance, in this case an analytical balance. The procedure is simple: place the watch glass and the coins inside the analytical balance, press ON TARE to re-zero the display, take the watch glass out, remove a coin, then put the remaining coins back in along with the watch glass. Then, the balance should give a negative reading, which is subtracted from the original 0. 0000g (TARED) to give the weight of the last coin. The p rocedure is repeated until the weights of all the coins are measured and recorded.The weights of the coins are presented in table 1, as these raw data are vital in presenting the results of this experiment. Table 1. Weights of 25-centavo coins measured using the â€Å"weighing by difference† method| Sample No. | Weight, g| 1| 3. 6072| Data Set 2| Data Set 1| 2| 3. 7549| | | 3| 3. 6002| | | 4| 3. 5881| | | 5| 3. 5944| | | 6| 3. 5574| | | 7| 3. 5669| | 8| 3. 5919| | 9| 3. 5759| | 10| 3. 6485| | Note that the data are classified into two groups, Data Set 1 which includes samples numbered 1~6 and Data Set 2 which includes samples numbered 1~10.Since the number of samples is limited to 10, the Dixon’s Q-test was performed at 95% confidence level in order to look for outliers in each data set. The decision to use the Q-test despite the fact that there were only a few, limited number of samples and to use the confidence level of 95% was carried out as specified in the Laborat ory Manual. Significance of Q-test The Dixon’s Q-test aims to identify and reject outliers, values that are unusually high or low and thus differ considerably from the majority and thus may be omitted from the calculations and usages in the body of data.The Dixon’s Q-test should be performed, since a value that is extreme compared to the rest can bring inaccurate results that go against the estimated limits set by other calculations and thus affect the conclusion. This test allows us to examine if one (and only one) observation from a small set of replicate observations (typically 3 to 10) can be â€Å"legitimately† rejected or not. The outlier is classified objectively, by calculating for the suspected outlier, Qexperimental, Qexp, and comparing it with the tabulated Qtab. Qexp is determined by Qexp equation (1). Qexp=Xq-XnR (1)Where Xq is the suspected value, Xn is the value closest to Xq, and R is the range, which is given by the highest data value subtracted by the lowest data value. R=Xhighest-Xlowest (2) If the obtained Qexp is found to be greater than Qtab, the outlier can be rejected. In the experiment, the sample calculation for Data Set 1 is given below: Qexp=Xq-XnR=3. 7549-3. 60723. 7549-3. 5574=0. 14770. 1975=0. 74785 Since Qtab for the experiment is set as 0. 625 for 6 samples at 95% confidence level, Qexp>Qtab. Thus, the suspected value 3. 7549 is rejected in the calculations for Data Set 1.The same process was done for the lowest value of Data Set 1 and the values for Data Set 2, and the values were accepted and will be used for further calculations. This is shown in table 2. (Refer to Appendix for full calculations. ) Table 2. Results of Dixon’s Q-Test| Data Set| Suspect Values| Qtab| Qexp| Conclusion| 1| 3. 7549| 0. 625| 0. 74785| Rejected| | 3. 5574| 0. 625| 0. 15544| Accepted| 2| 3. 7549| 0. 466| 0. 53873| Accepted| | 3. 5574| 0. 466| 0. 048101| Accepted| The statistical values were then computed for the two data sets, and were compared to relate the significance of each form of statistical functions.The values required to be calculated are the following: mean, standard deviation, relative standard deviation (in ppt), range, relative range (in ppt), and confidence limits (at 95% confidence level). Significance of the mean and standard deviation The mean is used to locate the center of distribution in a set of values [2]. By calculating for the average value of the data set, it can be determined whether the set of data obtained is close to each other or is close to the theoretical value. Thus, both accuracy and precision may be determined with the mean, coupled with other statistical references.In the experiment, the mean was calculated using equation (3). The sample calculation used the data from Data Set 1, which had 5 samples after the outlier was rejected via the Q-test. X=i=1nXi=X1+X2+X3†¦+Xnn 3 =(3. 6072+3. 6002+3. 5881+3. 5944+3. 5574)5=3. 5895 Mean is represented by X, the data v alues by X, and the number of samples by n. It can be observed that the mean indeed shows the precision of the accumulated values, as all the values are close to each other and the mean. The standard deviation, on the other hand, is a relative measure of precision of the values.It shows how much the values spread out from the mean. A smaller standard deviation would show that the values are relatively closer to the mean, and a bigger one would show that the values are spread out more. This does not determine the validity of the experimented values. Instead, it is used to calculate further statistical measures to validate the data. The equation (4) was used to calculate the standard deviation, where s represents standard deviation, and the rest are known from the mean. The data set used is the same as the mean. s=1n-1i=1nXi-X2 4 =15-1[3. 072-3. 58952+3. 6002-3. 58952+3. 5881-3. 58952+3. 5944-3. 58952+3. 5574-3. 58952] =0. 019262 Mean and standard deviations by themselves are relative ly poor indicators of the accuracy and precision of the data. These are manipulated to give clearer views on the data. One of the measures of precision is the relative standard deviation. RSD=sX? 1000ppt (5) =0. 0192623. 5895? 1000=5. 3664 The relative standard deviation is a useful way of determining the precision of the data compared to other sets of data, as the ratio would be a good way of differentiating the two.This will be expounded further. Range is easily found with equation (2) to give the value of 0. 0498, taking note that the highest value was rejected via the Q-test. R=3. 6072-3. 5574=0. 0498 The relative range is also a way of comparing sets of data, just like the relative standard deviation. Again, it will be discussed when comparing the values from data sets 1 and 2. RR=RX? 1000ppt (6) =0. 04983. 5895? 1000=13. 874 Significance of the confidence interval The confidence interval is used to give the range at which a given estimate may be deemed reliable.It gives the in terval in which the population mean is to be included in. The boundaries of the interval are called confidence limits, and are calculated by equation (7). Confidence limit=X ±tsn 7 =3. 5895 ±2. 780. 0192625 =3. 5895 ±0. 023948 Using the confidence limit and the interval, one can easily determine the value that can be estimated if the same experiment was performed. The confidence limit shows that there is a 95% confidence that the actual mean lies between the values of 3. 5656 and 3. 6134. Difference between Data Set 1 and Data Set 2The statistical values computed from the two data sets are arranged below in table 3. Table 3. Reported values for data sets 1 and 2| Data Set| Mean| Standard Deviation| Relative SD| Range| Relative Range| Confidence Limts| 1| 3. 5895| 0. 019262| 5. 3664| 0. 0498| 13. 874| 3. 5895 ±0. 023948| 2| 3. 6085| 0. 057153| 15. 838| 0. 1975| 54. 731| 3. 6085 ±0. 040846| The two data differ in all the components, but what’s important are the relati ve standard deviations and the relative range. The standard deviation and the relative range, along with the confidence limits went up from data set 1 to 2.This shows that the data became less precise as more values were added, which is normal since one cannot always expect perfect results from every trials. The relative values all show the precision of the data from each other—the lower the number, the more precise they are. However, since the number of elements increased as the relative values increased as well, we can say that data set 1 is more precise but it isn’t accurate, since the sample population is quite limited. Statistical values have been computed and analyzed so that when further, more difficult research arises, the researchers will be able to accomplish them without problems.These values are significant in determining the accuracy of the experiment. For example in this experiment, the actual weight of 25 centavo coins is found to be 3. 6g for brass plat ed steel coins minted from 2004. It can be deduced that the majority of the coins used are indeed from that value, and that the mean became more accurate to the true value as more samples were used. REFERENCES Silberberg, M. S. (2010). Principles of general chemistry (2nd ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Jeffery, G. H. , Bassett, J. , Mendham, J. , & Denney, R. C. (1989).Vogel’s textbook of quantitative chemical analysis (5th ed. ). Great Britain: Bath Press, Avon http://www. bsp. gov. ph/bspnotes/banknotes_coin. asp. Accessed Nov. 21, 2012. Appendix Working Calculations Q-test Data Set 1 (Highest) Qexp=|3. 7531-3. 6921|0. 1920=0. 3177 0. 3177

Media Synthesis Essays

Media Synthesis Essays Media Synthesis Essay Media Synthesis Essay â€Å"Shouldn’t grown men and women be trusted to judge their own dosages, just as they would decide on the number of drinks they can handle at the bar? (234). I disagree because I can see how some might react to this by saying that sometimes people don’t know their limit and can’t stop. This is 100% accurate when it comes to most things such as drugs, alcohol, and media. People might read that and think that media shouldn’t be placed into such a category, but all three of these things can start as small doses and turn into addiction within the blink of an eye. Parents who watch a lot of television as a child will most likely end up watching more and more television as they get older. If parents are not too concerned about the amount of television they are watching, it’s almost expected that they won’t be too concerned with the amount of television their children are watching. With television over flowing with violence, this will only result in children watching televisions shows that will have a negative effect on them. Parents need to order a wakeup call for themselves so they can be more productive in screening the shows their children are watching. Finding entertainment in such heinous and violent shows is disappointing yet becoming more common in today’s world. Reality Television: Oxymoron†, an article written by George F. Will, tells us how people get such enjoyment out of watching such ridiculous and tactless events. He then goes on to tell us about â€Å"That British pastime involved pitting a chained bear against a pack of dogs, who fought, and usually killed, the bear. The historian Macaulay famously said that the Puritans opp osed bearbaiting not because it gave pain to the bears but because it gave pleasure to the spectators. † (295). This example couldn’t have hit the nail on the head any better. Media is like this in today’s world. Shows like The Real World and Jersey Shore get thousands of viewers each week because America feeds off of watching the mistakes and pain of other people. With this being said, it’s so easy for anyone to just turn on the television and have this cruel and unnecessary type of entertainment right in front of them. Children can be easily influenced by these shows distinct type of behavior. They should not even have the opportunity to watch such shows, but with parents sinking into the unrealistic world of media, they need to open their eyes and be more aware of the toll these shows can take on the becoming of their children’s future. Although media is an uncontrollable part of today’s civilization, television can be controlled by the parents of the children watching it. They need to be more alert when it comes to the violence their children are experiencing when they turn on the television. Some shows out there will show kids nothing but negative cruelties and should not be parentally approved. With this being said, all you parents out there who don’t wish to raise a replica of Peter Griffin or a mini Michael Myers, get up off the couch yourselves and start monitoring the shows your children are watching.

Vanity Presses

Vanity Presses The world would be glorious indeed if authors could write then hand off the manuscript to an entity that published the book, put it out there, and made it sell. Wed come up from our deep mental state of storytelling, occasionally check on statistics, cash the checks, and create to our hearts content. We wouldnt have to do social media every day. No speaking in public. No guest blogging. No shaking hands with bookstore owners or cold-calling book clubs in hopes of being selected for one of its 2016 choices. But an author isnt allowed to just write. He is if he doesnt care how many books sell, but if he isnt writing to be read, why is he writing at all? Here lately, Ive had a rash of requests from frustrated new authors. Way more than usual. They state they have a publisher who believes in their work, and for their investment of $3,000, $4,000, even $9,000, their book would be everywhere . . . even on Amazon! So, lets define a vanity press for those of you who are not sure how to avoid these people who will take your money and not care whether you sold your first child into slavery to do it. 1) They offer an entire turnkey program so you dont have to worry . . . for a four-figure fee. 2) They try to sell you a marketing package. Sorry, but you are the marketer. And bookstores know these vanity presses and dont want to read those pretty marketing publications that supposedly go out to an eager world of book buyers. 3) The price on your book is higher than the norm. How do you know this? Because you have done your homework and look in the bookstores or on Amazon to see what the norm is. Twenty dollars for a romance paperback isnt the norm. 4) They offer payment plans. 5) Their websites talk more about how to publish than about the books that have been highly successful. Their business is selling publishing packages, not books, unless they are selling those books to hungry authors. The reader is not the focus of their business. Most of you know to avoid vanity presses. There are too many other ways to publish in which you have more control and make far more money, but like anything in publishing, you have to do the promotion. If you write a book for family and friends and dont care about how books are made or sold, then vanity press publishing might be the answer. But the next time you are in the bookstore, take a list of vanity presses with you . . . and let me know how many of their books you see on the shelves.

Discussion of six thinking caps Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discussion of six thinking caps - Essay Example The prognosis of Marianne could be derived from brain specialists and neuro-surgeons, close relatives and surrogates who are attending to her needs in the hospital or health care center wherein she is presently receiving treatment. There are only two options left in the case of Marianne: Firstly, either to undergo surgery and face its consequences, beneficial or favorable, or Secondly, allow things to remain status quo, i.e. doing nothing much to save her life, except perhaps, putting her on life support systems that could offer residual life support. However, there are inherent risks with regard to the second option. In this case, she might suddenly go into a comatose state and slip into unconsciousness, never to return to normalcy. Surgery could be a good option as it would prevent health concerns at a later stage but her advancing age and poor health are major barriers against surgery at this stage. Besides, the surgeons are quite apprehensive about the fact that even if a successive surgery is done on the patient to diffuse and resolve the clot, she may not be able to lead a normal life later. â€Å"However, with constructive advancement in medical technology it is possible for her â€Å"to benefit from the improvements in time and accuracy offered by the new imaging approach.† (Advances in medical imaging: Improving epilepsy surgery, 2010, para.4). Marianne would still require life support systems which are being presently used. This is perhaps the reason why her family members and close relatives are averse to the proposed surgery since there aren’t any major benefits in terms of amelioration of the patient’s health. In a major surgery consideration as in the case of Marianne, the informed consent of the patient is very much necessary. â€Å"To encourage voluntariness, the physician can make clear to the patient that he is

Faith Based Prisons Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Faith Based Prisons - Research Paper Example Faith-based prisons do not take away the thought of being in prison and paying for a wrongdoing. Just like in traditional prisons, inmates participate in all normal day-to-day prison activities but at weekends and evenings, they undergo extra classes that deeply examine issues like spirituality, good parenting, anger management, the effect of crime on victims, moral expectations of a believer among others. There is evidence of people who after going through a faith-based prison, they have totally changed and are now working towards the development of a morally upright society. An example of this is Cooper Ken, a convicted bank robber who is now an evangelical leader (Goddard, 2003). The term faith-based refers to any idea, plan, program or organization that has been established based on religious beliefs. In this case, a faith-based prison is a type of program that seeks to transform offenders through religious teachings on morality and spirituality. There are no distinctive types of faith-based prisons. However, they can be established by a religious organization like a church, an example of this being the Lawtey Correctional Institution program in Raiford, Florida. Alternatively, they can be incorporated into existing traditional prisons as a faith and character program. In this case, those who choose to enroll for the faith and character program are assigned to a different dormitory where they hold meetings with leaders and clergy to discuss issues of spirituality and morality. Faith-based prisons accommodate inmates that have chosen to participate in faith-based rehabilitation programs regardless of their spiritual beliefs.  Faith-based prison is the re-entry program for the prisoner which aims at helping those individuals returning from the prison re-integrate themselves back into the public.